EDRIgram 9.18

*I don't always post them, but I read them.

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EDRi-gram

biweekly newsletter about digital civil rights in Europe

Number 9.18, 21 September 2011

1. New rules on term of protection of music recordings
2. Free operating systems might be blocked by Windows 8
3. New states adopt Internet blocking measures for unwanted online gambling
4. Constitutional Court: limited responsibility for bloggers in France
5. Freedom not Fear: High time for European (digital) civil rights
6. UK government wants search engines to fight copyright infringement
7. Italian draft law suggests a "one strike" law for copyright infringement
8. ENDitorial: Finnish Big Brother Awards on Effi's 10th birthday
9. Recommended Reading
10. Agenda
11. About

On 12 September 2011, the Council adopted, by a qualified majority, a
Directive that extends the term of protection of the rights of performers
and phonogram producers on music recordings from 50 to 70 years.

According to the Council press release, the Directive is necessary to ensure
that performers will have protection on their works during their entire
lifetime.

However, it is unlikely that this term extension will benefit the vast
majority performers, while the broader economic effects are, at best,
unproven. First, assuming that collecting society licence fees stay the
same, roughly the same amount of money will be divided between a larger pool
of performers and rights holders. Many of those will be dead. Consequently,
young performers entering the profession are likely to receive less.

Second, performers lose control of their work once they sign a recording
contract with a record company, and extending the term of protection does
nothing to address this problem.

Third, according to a joint academic statement signed in 2008 by 80 eminent
academics, including several Nobel Laureates, 96% of the economic returns
will go to the major record labels and top 20% of performers. Other studies
suggest the extension will lead to higher prices for consumers.

Moreover, the term extension diverts billions of euro away from EU citizens
because, for countries or regions that are net importers of copyrighted
goods, longer terms of protection of music recordings would inevitably
result in increased payments to foreign rights holders. This is likely to
mean a net outflow of revenue from the EU, overwhelmingly to the benefit of
the US.

Finally, the decision is culturally damaging. It will likely lead to many
works being locked away, discouraging and shrinking the public domain. For
example, a US study for the Library of Congress by Tim Brooks (2005)
established that the prime re-issuers of historical recordings were not the
copyright owners.

In an open letter in April this year four leading IP professors, including
Professor Lionel Bently, Director of the Centre for Intellectual Property
and Information Law at the University of Cambridge, argued that "if there
was a policy designed to suppress social and commercial innovation,
retrospective term extension would be your choice."

In short, this is a piece of European legislation which is almost
impressively bad. It achieves the worst of all available outcomes,
disadvantaging young performers, placing a barrier between citizens and
their culture and producing a net loss of money from the EU to the US.

New rules on term of protection of music recordings (12.09.2011)
http://consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/en/intm/124570.pdf

The Proposed Directive for a Copyright Term Extension -A backward-looking
package (27.10.2008)
http://www.cippm.org.uk/downloads/Term%20Statement%2027_10_08.pdf

The European Strategy: Send Money to the US (Part Deux (4.11.2011)
http://piracy.ssrc.org/the-european-strategy-send-money-to-the-us-part-deux/

Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council amending Directive
2006/116/EC on the term of protection of copyright and certain related
rights
http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/copyright/docs/term/2011_directive_en.pdf

Commission's Press release on the Directive on the term of protection of
copyright and certain related rights
http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/copyright/term-protection/term-protection_en.htm

The Value of the EU Public Domain (2009)
http://rufuspollock.org/economics/papers/value_of_the_public_domain_eu.pdf

Open Letter (11.04.2011)
http://www.cippm.org.uk/copyright_term.html

(Contribution by Daniel Dimov (EDRi) and Peter Bradwell (EDRi-member Open
Rights Group -UK))

The hardware certified for the new 64 bit operating system from Microsoft
(Windows 8) will have to use the Unified Extensible Firmware Interface
(UEFI) with security measures that would not allow installing of other
operating systems, such as GNU/Linux.

The UEFI firmware specifications might require next-generation PC firmware
to only boot an image signed by a key chain rooted in keys built into the
PC. Apparently, Microsoft and other companies are pushing for this
modification to be mandatory, so that it cannot be disabled by the user.

Thus "a system that ships with only OEM and Microsoft keys will not boot a
generic copy of Linux," as underlines the Red Hat developer Matthew Garrett
in his blog post where it explains the technical details of the new change.

Ross Anderson from EDRi-member FIPR - UK reminded that similar issues were
discussed in 2003 with the Trusted Computing initiative, which petered out
after widespread opposition from the free software community and others.
However, the current proposal is even worse, as "unauthorised" operating
systems like Linux and FreeBSD just won't run at all.

He also pointed out that such "extension of Microsoft's OS monopoly to
hardware would be a disaster, with increased lock-in, decreased consumer
choice and lack of space to innovate." This measure would be illegal
according the EU competition law, such as article 102 of the EU Treaty, as
it would give the possibility for a company to leverage a dominant position
on one market (operating systems) in order to become dominant on another
market (hardware).

UEFI secure booting (20.09.2011)
http://mjg59.livejournal.com/138973.html

Trusted Computing 2.0 (20.09.2011)
http://www.lightbluetouchpaper.org/2011/09/20/trusted-computing-2-0/

Windows 8 secure boot to block Linux (21.09.2011)
http://www.zdnet.com.au/windows-8-secure-boot-to-block-linux-339322781.htm

Ross Anderson Trusted Computing FAQ (08.2003)
http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~rja14/tcpa-faq.html

As the EU regulation of online gambling is still being discussed, more EU
countries try to implement Internet blocking as a valid solution to
stop access of its own citizens to locally unauthorized gambling
websites.

A hearing on online gambling organized on 6 September 2011 by the European
Economic and Social Committee focused on the fact that there was "an
appetite for action at EU level". However, "it's up to the College of
Commissioners to decide what to put in its communication, which will come
out in 2012" as Pamela Brumter-Coret (acting director in DG MARKT) has
explained.

While the discussions agreed on a generic EU-wide legislation to govern the
online gambling market, it would still be up to the Member States on
regulating this domain even further.

In the meantime, with totally different authorisations regimes in EU members
states in place, it is up the European Court of Justice to interpret the EU
law in this respect. The latest case in a long series of rulings on online
gambling was decided on 15 September 2011 and concluded that "a monopoly on
the operation of internet casino games is justifiable only if it seeks in a
consistent and systematic manner to combat the risks connected with such
games".

In the absence of a EU framework on this aspect, some EU countries are using
unauthorised gambling as the gateway to impose Internet blocking obligations
to ISPs.

In Slovakia, in order to increase the tax collection on gambling, the
Ministry of Finance proposed a novelization of communication law that would
oblige all ISPs to block the content from a list created by the main tax
office, which is a politically nominated office. After strong pressure from
the civil society, the Ministry informed the press just that it would ask
for the advice the European commission.

In Romania, a new Government Decision (823/2011) initiated by the Ministry
of Finance foresees that the Monitoring Operator's (a private 3rd party that
would oversee the online gambling market) obligations include identifying
the websites that are providing gambling activities unauthorized in Romania
and sending this list to the ISPs so that those websites be blocked. The
blocking list will include also websites that provide links (in a
"marketing, advertising or any promotional activity") to unauthorised
gambling.

Decision 823 that entered into force on 31 August 2011 makes no
distinction between websites targeting Romanian consumers or not and does
not include any requirement of informing these websites as being illegal or
asking the hosting company to take the illegal content offline.

However, under the current law on gambling or any other legislation, there
is no specific obligation for an ISP to comply with this request. Even
though several human rights NGOs and ISPs tried to bring up the issue
with the Ministry of Finance, the latter refused even to discuss the subject
during the consultation period.

Unfortunately, this is not the only attempt to use legislation to block
Internet in Romania. A new draft law on psychoactive drugs that is being
discussed in the Chamber of Deputies foresees that the competent authorities
might send to the Ministry of Communication a list of websites to be blocked
by the ISPs. The latter need to comply within 12 hours from the request,
otherwise they face fines between 50 000 - 100 000 RON (11 500 - 23 000
Euro). In this case as well, there is no judicial oversight of these
blocking measures.

Commission eyes EU regulation of online gambling (15.09.2011)
http://www.euractiv.com/consumers/commission-eyes-eu-regulation-online-gambling-news-507351

Judgment in Case C-347/09 - Criminal proceedings against Jochen Dickinger
and Franz Ömer (15.09.2011)
http://curia.europa.eu/jcms/upload/docs/application/pdf/2011-09/cp110091en.pdf

Internet censorship in Slovak republic (15.09.2011)
http://opensource.com/government/11/9/internet-censorship-slovak-republic

Romania: Government decision 823/2011 - provisions on blocking (only in
Romanian)
http://www.apti.ro/HG-norme-jocuri-de-noroc

Draft Law on psychoactive substances - provisions on blocking (only in
Romanian)
http://www.apti.ro/PL-combaterea-opera%C5%A3iunilor-cu-produse-susceptibile-de-a-avea-efecte-psihoactive

The French Constitutional Court decided on 16 September 2011 that the
website administrators (such as editors of blogs or online forums) should
not automatically be held criminally responsible for online comments posted
on their sites. The action was brought to court by a distribution company
against a blog created by one of its franchisees where the mother company
was criticised by the commentators of that blog.

The court's arguments were that the online editor had no knowledge
beforehand of the content of the comments posted on his site. Also the
commentator may remain anonymous and difficult to trace back. "The
possibility to identify the authors of messages through the communication
data stored by the technical operators is too uncertain to be a guarantee"
said the Court. As the site cannot trace back the comment's author and
therefore cannot pass on the responsibility, it is therefore unacceptable to
penalise the site editor for messages he was not aware of before
publication.

The court also explained that the law on mass-media, that included a
presumption of responsibility for the directors of a publication, would not
apply directly in this new field.

Indeed, previous modifications to the law on audio-visual communications,
included a paragraph that says: "the director or co-editor
of a publication cannot be hold criminally responsible as main actor if it
can be established that he had no knowledge of the message before its online
posting or if, since the moment he has become aware of it, he acted promptly
to withdraw the message". The law does not say anything about an online
service creator whose responsibility could be engaged in case the message
author cannot be identified.

This interpretation of the Constitutional Court goes on the same principles
applied in February 2011 by the Cassation Court that recognized the hosting
status of several Web 2.0 services stating they were not liable for the
content posted online on their platform, if they had not been appropriately
informed.

"This decisions constitutes a much welcome jurisprudence in France",
commented Meryem Marzouki from French EDRi member IRIS, "however the risk
remains that a future legislation extends the criminal liability of blog
owners for comments and other content generated by third parties on their
blog".

Decision French Constitutional Court no 2011-164 (only in French,
16.11.2011)
http://www.conseil-constitutionnel.fr/conseil-constitutionnel/francais/les-decisions/acces-par-date/decisions-depuis-1959/2011/2011-164-qpc/decision-n-2011-164-qpc-du-16-septembre-2011.99672.html

Priority Constitutionality Question: a blog creator is not automatically
responsible (only in French, 16.09.2011)
http://fr.news-republic.com/Web/ArticleWeb.aspx?regionid=2&articleid=1206012

The website producers' responsibility limited by the Constitutional Court
(only in French, 16.09.2011)
http://www.numerama.com/magazine/19838-la-responsabilite-des-producteurs-de-sites-limitee-par-le-conseil-constitutionnel.html

EDRi-gram: The French supreme court recognizes hosting status of Web 2.0
services (23.02.2011)
http://www.edri.org/edrigram/number9.4/french-supreme-court-cases-fuzz-dailymotion

European policy making has long been blind to the digital environment,
ignoring the potentials of the Internet and the positive impact of the free
flow of information in society.

Over the last 10 years, an increasing number of surveillance measures have
restricted civil liberties and have promoted fear rather than freedom. A
large number of measures have been or are currently being introduced and
result in a restriction of the fundamental rights of all citizens in the EU:
the data retention directive, the SWIFT and PNR agreements, the
Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement, data exchanges with the USA without
proper data protection laws or the blanket collection of our biometric
data - just to mention a few.

After a couple of attempts to launch a series of European digital civil
rights events, the necessary preconditions for its success are now better
than ever. National governments are more and more aware of the various
issues involved by the Internet and are getting involved in addressing these
issues. However, since they seemed to have had only fear to offer in the
last decade, one of the main goals of the movement is to provide a positive
discourse. The international Freedom not Fear week laid another stone for a
counterbalance to the well organised and influential industry lobby. The
week started on 10 September 2011 in Berlin, Dresden, Vienna, Brussels,
Luxembourg and Warsaw. It ended with a final weekend in Brussels from 17 to
19 September 2011.

On the initiative of unwatched.org talks workshops were organized in
Vienna to discuss civil rights and modern data protection laws. Sessions
were dedicated to topics including the right to information, open data, PNR,
web blocking and current situation regarding data retention in Austria.

The three-day event in Brussels was organised by the German working group on
data retention (AK Vorrat) and the Belgian Net Users' Rights Protection
Association. It was supported by many European organisations including
EDRi-members Bits of Freedom, FoeBuD, Liga voor Mensenrechten, Digitale
Gesellschaft.

On 17 September, protesters descended on Brussels for the first time to
confront European policies and to call on the European institutions to
preserve their freedom and civil rights. The protesters want their
fundamental rights to be respected in the networked world. Furthermore, many
of the protesters feared that information stored by governments was not
secure and was bound to be hacked, leaked, abused or misinterpreted. In a
speech in front of the European Commission, Patrick Breyer (AK Vorrat)
underlined the importance of the weekend to contribute to a free and open
society that we want our children to grow up in.

The three-day event in Brussels also included an international conference on
Sunday where a series of working groups on data retention, CCTV
surveillance, net neutrality and PNR were held. On Monday, the participants
shared their concerns in discussions with representatives from the European
Commission and Members of the European Parliament regarding the revision of
the data retention directive and the current negotiations on passenger name
record agreements. Activists from all over Europe took the opportunity to
network and to launch an international platform for all future campaigns
under the banner "Freedom not Fear".

Freedom not Fear platform
http://wiki.freedomnotfear.org

Events in
Berlin
http://www.freiheitstattangst.de/

Brussels
http://wiki.vorratsdatenspeicherung.de/Freedom_Not_Fear_2011/Brussels

Vienna
http://www.unwatched.org/Freiheit_statt_Angst_2011

Luxembourg
http://piratenpartei.lu/node/380

Warsaw
http://wolnyinternet.panoptykon.org/

(Contribution by Kirsten Fiedler - EDRi)

During his speech at the Royal Television Society's Cambridge Convention on
14 September 2011, UK Culture Secretary Jeremy Hunt called on search engines
and ISPs to bar links to websites which, allegedly, distributed material
unlawfully, on companies to stop advertising with the respective websites
and on financial institutions to block transactions related to such
websites.

Hunt announced at the beginning of 2011 that the Government would conduct a
review of UK communications laws and a consultation on new legislation in
the matter opened in May to get feedback from media, telephone providers,
TV, radio and online publishers.

Following the consultation, proposals for a Communications Bill are now to
be put forward leading to new communications regulations that would come
into effect in 2015.

Hunt expressed the idea that the Communications Act had to change in order
to address, amongst other things, the "protection of consumers and
companies from offensive content and from the damage done by unlawful or
unlawfully distributed content."

Regarding the "offensive content", in the Secretary's opinion, the Act
should oblige ISPs to ensure that their customers "make an active choice
about parental controls, either at the point of purchase or the point of
account activation."

The UK official rejected the freedom of speech argument against obliging
ISPs to block websites, considering the illegal distribution of copyrighted
material as a theft and "a direct assault on the freedoms and rights of
creators of content to be rewarded fairly for their efforts."

Therefore, he called for the cooperation of the search engines and ISPs in
this matter and suggested a series of actions to be included in the new
Communications Act among which, the creation of a cross-industry body in
charge of identifying copyright infringing websites, the introduction of the
responsibility for search engines and ISPs to make access to such sites hard
(after a court has established the respective websites contained unlawful
content or promoted unlawful content), the responsibility for advertisers to
remove their advertisements from such sites and the responsibility of
financial entities to remove their services from the respective websites.

Mr Hunt also proposed a "streamlined legal process", speeding up the process
of bringing to court those accused of copyright infringement.

Free speech advocates believe these plans are dangerous, pushing private
bodies into taking decisions about who's breaking the law. "That amounts to
privatisation of justice, which is very dangerous," said Jim Killock,
executive director of the EDRi-member Open Rights Group (ORG). ORG filed an
FOI request asking for the evidence gathered by the Culture Secretary.
"(...) we are willing to bet that he has not commissioned anything, and yet
again, these are unbalanced, lobby-driven proposals," said Killock.

Jeremy Hunt's speech at Royal Television Society - RTS Cambridge Convention
(14.09.2011)
http://www.culture.gov.uk/news/ministers_speeches/8428.aspx

Search and ISP companies may be asked to help tackle copyright infringement,
says minister (15.09.2011)
http://www.out-law.com/en/articles/2011/september/search-and-isp-companies-may-be-asked-to-help-tackle-copyright-infringement-says-minister/

British Minister Wants Search Engines to Fight Piracy (15.09.2011)
http://blogs.wsj.com/tech-europe/2011/09/15/british-minister-wants-search-engines-to-fight-piracy/?mod=google_news_blog

Jeremy Hunt calls on search engines to back anti-piracy plans (14.09.2011)
http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/jeremy-hunt-calls-on-search-engines-to-back-antipiracy-plans-2355053.html\

EDRi-gram: Copyright industry obtains court injunction against BT to block
website (24.08.2011)
http://www.edri.org/edrigram/number9.16/newzbin-case-uk-bt

A group of the Italian parliamentarians has recently introduced a draft law
which could basically block the freedom of expression and access to
information in Italy.

The draft law, which includes two articles, stipulates that an Internet user
may be banned to access the Internet based on a simple notification from
"any interested person" about an alleged copyright infringement. And this,
without any judicial procedure and without the right to appeal.

ISPs would be bound to suspend the access to the "blacklisted" users
suspected of copyright infringement and apply preventive filters against
services that allegedly infringe copyright and services which "may" lead
citizens to "think" that infringing services exist.

The draft law not only violates several European Directives (such as the
Telecom Package), but is also in violation of the European Convention for
the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and the Charter of
Fundamental Rights of the European Union by not complying to the right to a
due legal process - the right to be heard and legal representation - and is
equally in violation of the principle of proportionality.

Text of the draft law (only in Italian)
http://www.camera.it/126?PDL=4549&leg=16&tab=2

A short analysis of Internet killer Centemero draft law by Paolo Brini for
AirVPN (19.09.2011)
http://www.twitlonger.com/show/d62gmb

The right to Internet and the Italian parliament: DDL Centemero-Versace
introduces the suspension of the access to Internet for those who download
movies or music (only in Italian, 18.09.2011)
http://www.fulviosarzana.it/blog/il-diritto-ad-internet-ed-il-parlamento-italiano-il-ddl-centemero-versace-introduce-la-sospensione-dei-servizi-di-accesso-ad-internet-per-chi-scarica-e-carica-film-e-musica/

EDRi member Electronic Frontier Finland (Effi) organized the seventh Big
Brother Awards (BBA) in Finland on 11 September 2011 as part of
the celebration events of Effi's tenth birthday.

Electronic Frontier Finland - Effi - was founded in 2001, a few days before
the 9/11 attack, by people who were concerned about freedom of expression
and information getting trampled by commercial interests, abuse of
copyright, and DRM techniques. In ten years Effi has grown into an
organization of nearly 2000 members. Lawmakers and media ask for Effi's
opinion in matters of Internet and information society; citizens whose
digital rights are violated by government or companies turn to Effi for
advise.

Before the BBA ceremony, Effi held a seminar chaired by president Timo
Karjalainen, viewing the history and future of digital rights. Two
ex-presidents of Effi, Ville Oksanen and Tapani Tarvainen, talked about
Effi's challenges and victories in the past. For example, in 2003, Effi
managed to prevent some freedom of speech restrictions for professional
media from being expanded to private websites. Effi also got Finnish MEPs to
cooperate in turning down the software patent directive.

Despite Effi's efforts, some bad laws have been passed. The web censorship
law - or the "Law about measures to prevent spreading child pornography" in
Newspeak - that authorizes the Police to keep a secret blacklist of urls to
be blocked came into effect in 2008. Matti Nikki (the Winston Smith awardee
of 2010) found out that most of the urls had nothing to do with child
abuse, and wrote this on his website. Soon Nikki's website was on the
blacklist! After three years of fighting, the Supreme administrative court
finally ordered the police to remove his site from the blacklist. Today,
most operators do not block sites according to the list and some offer
blocking optionally, so the law is practically useless.

In the seminar, two speakers viewed Effi "by outsider's eyes". Network
expert Mikko Kenttälä noted how protecting networks from abuse might raise
privacy issues. He recommended that Effi take more actions like radio
campaigns for a wide audience in addition to talking to politicians. Writer
and game designer Ville Vuorela told he regularly got involved in
conversations with people who think Effi is a bunch of pirates wanting to
rob artists their work for free, or want to spread child pornography. Ville
usually manages to correct these misunderstandings and make people see why
Effi represents the good and sensible view against the evils of the world.

Erka Koivunen, head of CERT-FI team in Finnish Communications Regulatory
Authority, talked about his work: promoting security in the information
society by preventing, observing, and solving information security incidents
and disseminating information on threats to information security.

The final talk before the BBA ceremony was given by Internet researcher
Mikko Särelä about anonymous communication. Recently, some authoritative
people including the Minister for Foreign Affairs have voiced opinions that
anonymous writing on Internet should be prohibited because it is usually
racist or otherwise offensive. Mikko emphasised the importance of anonymity
in contexts like Alcoholics Anonymous, or teenagers insecure about their
sexual orientations seeking for peer support. The cure for offensive talk on
newspaper websites is coherent moderation, not control of the whole
Internet.

In the BBA, the public sector category had several strong competitors, like
VTT Technical Research Center of Finland, which generously lets its
scientists keep their jobs as long as they don't discuss their research in
public without permission. The tight game was won by the Ministry of
Internal affairs, which bravely fought against crime by letting the police
break into citizens' computers and disable security mechanisms.

The business category winner is Google, which recorded not only Street Views
but also wireless Internet traffic, "by accident". This performance was
rated even higher than that of Nokia Siemens Network, whose mobile tracking
system has helped dictators in Iran and Bahrain.

The winner of the individual category is Tuija Brax, former Minister of
Justice. Her achievements include a law that enables cutting off the
Internet connection for mere suspicion of infringing copyright - no need to
bother courts of law.

Special Life Work Award went to Jouni Laiho, a civil servant who creatively
combined the powers Montesquieu separated.

Effi also gave Winston Smith Prizes to two civil servants who have fought
against the Big Brother. Sami Kiriakos wrote a memo that led to
decriminalisation of using open WLANs; Tomi Voutilainen has publicly
defended e-mail privacy and criticized spending taxpayers' money on useless
control mechanisms. A special 19.84 euro international prize was given to
James Love, director of KEI.

Photos and comments from the event (only in Finnish)
http://www.effi.org/blog/2011-09-12-Virpi-Kauko.html
http://www.effi.org/blog/2011-09-13-Virpi-Kauko.html
http://www.effi.org/blog/2011-09-14-Virpi-Kauko.html

Press release: Finnish Big Brother Awards 2011 (14.09.2011)
http://www.effi.org/julkaisut/tiedotteet/110914-finnish-big-brother-awards.html

(Contribution by Virpi Kauko, EDRi-member Effi)

Consumers out in force against targeted online ads (14.09.2011)
http://www.euractiv.com/infosociety/consumers-force-targeted-online-ads-news-507597

27-30 September 2011, Nairobi, Kenya
Sixth Annual IGF Meeting: Internet as a catalyst for change: access,
development, freedoms and innovation
http://www.intgovforum.org/cms/nairobipreparatory

11 October 2011, Brussels, Belgium
ePractice Workshop: Addressing evolving needs for cross-border eGovernment
services
http://www.epractice.eu/en/events/epractice-workshop-cross-border-services

13-14 October 2011, Lisbon, Portugal
2nd International Graduate Conference in Communication and Culture: The
Culture of Remix
http://blogs.nyu.edu/projects/materialworld/2011/05/cfp_the_culture_of_remix.html

18-19 October 2011, Helsinki Finland
The Finnish Internet Forum 2011
http://internetforum.fi/

20-21 October 2011, Warsaw, Poland
Open Government Data Camp
http://opengovernmentdata.org/camp2011/

27-29 October 2011, Barcelona, Spain
Oxcars and FreeCultureForum 2011
Networks for a R-evolution
http://www.2011.fcforum.net/en

31 October 2011, Mexico City, Mexico
2011 The Public Voice Civil Society Meeting
http://thepublicvoice.org/events/mexicocity11/

2-3 November 2011, Mexico City, Mexico
33rd International Conference of Data Protection and Privacy Commissioners
Privacy: The Global Age
http://www.privacyconference2011.org/index.php?lang=Eng

9 November 2011, Bucharest, Romania
Inet Conference: Access, Trust and Freedom: Coordinates for future Internet
http://www.isoc.org/isoc/conferences/inet/11/bucharest-agenda.shtml

11-13 November 2011, Gothenburg, Sweden
FSCONS is the Nordic countries' largest gathering for free culture, free
software and a free society.
http://fscons.org/

25-27 January 2012, Brussels, Belgium
Computers, Privacy and Data Protection 2012
http://www.cpdpconferences.org/

EDRi-gram is a biweekly newsletter about digital civil rights in Europe.
Currently EDRi has 28 members based or with offices in 18 different
countries in Europe. European Digital Rights takes an active interest in
developments in the EU accession countries and wants to share knowledge and
awareness through the EDRi-grams.

All contributions, suggestions for content, corrections or agenda-tips are
most welcome. Errors are corrected as soon as possible and are visible on
the EDRi website.

This EDRi-gram has been published with financial support from the EU's
Fundamental Rights and Citizenship Programme.

Except where otherwise noted, this newsletter is licensed under the
Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. See the full text at
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Newsletter editor: Bogdan Manolea

Information about EDRI and its members:
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EDRI-gram is also available in German, with delay. Translations are provided
Andreas Krisch from the EDRI-member VIBE!AT - Austrian Association for
Internet Users
http://www.unwatched.org/

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